Amagama angukhiye: VPH Solid-phase holographic grating, Transmittance spectrophotometer, Reflectance spectrometer, Czerny-Turner Optical indlela.
1.Ukubuka konke
I-fiber optic spectrometer ingahlukaniswa njengokubonisa nokudluliswa, ngokuya ngokuthayipha i-diffraction grating.I-diffraction grating iyingxenye ye-optical, equkethe izinombolo ezinkulu zamaphethini ahlukaniswe ngokulinganayo endaweni engaphezulu noma ngaphakathi.Iyingxenye ebalulekile ye-fiber optic spectrometer.Uma ukukhanya kuhlangana nalokhu kugawula, hlakazeka kuma-engeli ahlukene anqunywa ama-wavelength ahlukene ngento eyaziwa ngokuthi i-diffraction yokukhanya.
Ngenhla: I-spectrometer ebonisa ukubandlulula (kwesokunxele) kanye ne-transmittance spectrometer (kwesokudla)
I-Diffraction gratings ngokuvamile ihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: i-reflection kanye ne-Graft yokudlulisa.Amagreyidi abonisayo angaphinde ahlukaniswe abe amagreyithi abonisa indiza kanye namagreyiti aconcave, kuyilapho ama-transmission gratings angahlukaniswa abe ama-groove-type transmission gratings kanye ne-volume phase holographic (VPH) transmission gratings.Lesi sihloko sethula ngokuyinhloko i-spectrometer yendiza yohlobo lwe-grating blaze blaze kanye ne-VPH grating-type transmittance spectrometer.
Ngenhla: I-reflection grating (kwesokunxele) kanye ne-Transfer grating (kwesokudla).
Kungani ama-spectrometer amaningi manje ekhetha i-grating dispersion esikhundleni se-prism?Ngokuyinhloko kunqunywa izimiso ze-spectral ze-grating.Inombolo yemigqa ngemilimitha ngayinye ku-grating (ukuminyana komugqa, iyunithi: imigqa/mm) inquma amandla okubukeka kwe-grating.Ukuminyana kolayini wokugaya okuphezulu kubangela ukuhlakazeka okukhulu kokukhanya kwamaza amaza ahlukene ngemva kokudlula endaweni, okuholela ekukhanyeni okuphezulu.Ngokuvamile, ukuminyana kwemigodi etholakalayo kanye ne-grating kufaka phakathi 75, 150, 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1800, 2400, 3600, njll., ehlangabezana nezidingo zobubanzi obuhlukahlukene nezinqumo.Nakuba, i-prism spectroscopy inqunyelwe ukusakazeka kwezinto zengilazi, lapho indawo ehlakazayo yengilazi inquma amandla e-spectroscopic eprism.Njengoba izakhiwo ezihlakazekayo zezinto zengilazi zilinganiselwe, kuyinselele ukuhlangabezana nezimo nezimfuneko zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene ze-spectral.Ngakho-ke, ayivamile ukusetshenziswa kuma-spectrometers amancane we-fiber optic.
Amazwibela: Imithelela ye-Spectral yokuminyana kwemigodi ehlukene kumdwebo ongenhla.
Isibalo sibonisa i-spectrometry yokuhlakazeka yokukhanya okumhlophe ngengilazi ne-diffraction spectrometry ngokusebenzisa igridi.
Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwama-gratings, uqala nge-"Young's double-slit experiment" yakudala: Ngo-1801, isazi sefiziksi saseBrithani uThomas Young wathola ukuphazamiseka kokukhanya kusetshenziswa ukuhlola okuphindwe kabili.Ukukhanya kwe-Monochromatic okudlula emigqeni ephindwe kabili kubonise ukushintshwa okukhanyayo nokumnyama.Ukuhlolwa kwe-double-slit kuqala kwaqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhanya kubonisa izici ezifana namaza amanzi (imvelo yamaza yokukhanya), okubangela ukuzwa emphakathini we-physics.Kamuva, izazi zefiziksi ezimbalwa zenze izivivinyo zokuphazanyiswa kwe-multiple-slit futhi zabona i-diffraction ye-light ngokusebenzisa ama-grating.Kamuva, isazi sefiziksi esingumFulentshi uFresnel sathuthukisa inkolelo-mbono eyisisekelo yokuhlukanisa igridi ngokuhlanganisa amasu ezibalo ashiwo usosayensi waseJalimane u-Huygens, esebenzisa le miphumela.
Isibalo sibonisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-Young kwe-double-slit kwesokunxele, nezinselele ezikhanyayo nezimnyama ezishintshanayo.I-Multi-slit diffraction (kwesokudla), ukusatshalaliswa kwamabhendi anemibala ngama-oda ahlukene.
2.I-Reflective Spectrometer
Ama-spectrometer abonisayo ngokuvamile asebenzisa indlela yokubona eyakhiwe i-grating yendiza ehlukanisiwe nezibuko ezikhonkolo, ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-Czerny-Turner Optical path.Ivamise ukuqukatha umgexo, igridi yomlilo wendiza, izibuko ezimbili ezigobile, kanye nomtshina.Lokhu kulungiselelwa kubonakala ngokulungiswa okuphezulu, ukukhanya okuphansi okulahlekile, nokuphuma okuphezulu kokubona.Ngemva kokuba isignali yokukhanya ingene endaweni ewumngcingo, iqala ihlanganiswe ibe yinsingo ehambisanayo isibonisi esiqondile, esibe sesishaya i-planar diffractive grating lapho ubude beza obuthile buhlukanisiwe ngama-engeli ahlukene.Ekugcineni, i-concave reflector igxilisa ukukhanya okuhlukanisiwe kusithwebuli sezithombe futhi amasiginali wamaza ahlukene obude aqoshwa ngamaphikseli ezindaweni ezihlukene ku-photodiode chip, ekugcineni akhiqize i-spectrum.Ngokuvamile, i-spectrometer ebonisayo iphinde ihlanganise nezihlungi ze-diffraction-ukucindezela ze-oda lesibili namalensi ekholomu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yokuphumayo.
Isibalo sibonisa uhlobo oluphambanayo lwe-CT optical grating spectrometer.
Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi uCzerny noTurner akubona abasunguli balesi simiso sokubona amehlo kodwa bayakhunjulwa ngeqhaza labo elivelele emkhakheni wezokubona—isazi sezinkanyezi sase-Austria u-Adalbert Czerny nososayensi waseJalimane uRudolf W. Turner.
Umzila we-Czerny-Turner optical ngokuvamile ungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: weqa futhi awuvuleki (uhlobo lwe-M).Indlela yokubona ephambanayo/indlela ye-M yohlobo lwe-op ihlangene kakhulu.Lapha, ukusabalalisa okulingene kwesokunxele kwesokudla kwezibuko ezimbili ze-concave ngokuhlobene ne-grating yendiza, kukhombisa isinxephezelo esilinganayo sokuphambuka kwe-off-eksisi, okuholela ekulungisweni okuphezulu kokubona.I-SpectraCheck® SR75C i-fiber optic spectrometer isebenzisa indlela yokubona yohlobo lwe-M, ifinyelela ukucaca okuphezulu okufika ku-0.15nm ebangeni le-ultraviolet elingu-180-340 nm.
Ngenhla: Indlela yokubona yohlobo oluphambene/uhlobo olunwetshiwe (uhlobo lwe-M) indlela yokubona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphandle kwama-grating omlilo ayisicaba, kukhona ne-concave blaze grating.I-concave blaze grating ingaqondwa njengenhlanganisela yesibuko se-concave kanye ne-grating.Ngakho-ke, i-spectrometer ye-concave blaze grating grating iqukethe kuphela i-slit, i-grating yomlilo we-concave, kanye nomtshina, okuholela ekuzinzeni okuphezulu.Kodwa-ke, i-grate yokukhanya kwe-concave ibeka imfuneko kukho kokubili isiqondiso nebanga lokukhanya okuphambukisiwe kwesigameko, ikhawulela izinketho ezitholakalayo.
Ngenhla: I-spectrometer ye-grating ye-Concave.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-26-2023